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A Review of Modern Biotechnologies in Improving Plant Resistance to Environmental Stresses
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Mojtaba Kordrostami   , Saeed Moori , Mehdi Rahimi |
| Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran. |
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Abstract: (201 Views) |
The increase in the frequency and severity of environmental stresses, such as drought, salinity, high and low temperatures, and metal pollution, is one of the most critical challenges in contemporary agriculture, seriously threatening crop productivity and global food security. Traditional plant breeding methods have limitations in responding to current needs due to the complexity of resistance-related traits and their strong influence on environmental factors. In this regard, modern biotechnologies have been introduced as accurate and efficient tools to identify, modify, and enhance physiological and molecular resistance pathways in plants. Among these technologies, genome editing with systems such as CRISPR/Cas9, gene transfer and production of transgenic plants, marker-assisted selection (MAS), and omics technologies (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) play a prominent role in identifying genes and regulatory pathways related to stress tolerance. Also, microbial biotechnology through symbiosis with beneficial bacteria and fungi, nanotechnology with controlled release of enhancers, and induced mutagenesis with gamma rays and plasma have provided new perspectives for improving plant adaptation to adverse conditions. Despite these advances, challenges such as high cost, the need for specialized infrastructure, legal issues, and social acceptance still hinder the widespread application of these technologies on a commercial scale. Ultimately, the convergence of biotechnology with artificial intelligence and bioinformatics systems can pave the way for the development of intelligent and climate-adapted plants of the future. |
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| Keywords: Modern biotechnology, Plant resistance, Environmental stress, Genome editing, Omics, Nanotechnology, Mutagenesis. |
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Full-Text [PDF 1592 kb]
(70 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
General
Received: 2025/10/25 | Accepted: 2025/10/2 | Published: 2025/10/2
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